Esame2 | Survio®

A processing company that decides to integrate upstream carries out a

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Process upgrading

Chain upgrading

Functional upgrading

The Added Value, as calculated by ISTAT, is broken down into:

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Labour and depreciation and amortization

Wages and net profit

Wages, depreciation and amortization and net profit

A country's Index of backward Vertical specialization (VS) is equal to the ratio of:

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The value of a country's exports of intermediate goods constituting inputs for exports to third destinations and the total value of gross exports.

The value of a country's gross exports and the total value of gross domestic production.

Foreign value added and the total value of gross exports. Valore aggiunto estero e valore tot delle exportazioni lorde

Concept of offshoring:

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coincides with the concept of fragmentation

It involves entrusting one (or more) business activities to a third party, external to the company

It involves a geographical relocation of one (or more) business activities

The legislation on collective marks provides that there is a dissociation between ownership and use of the mark. This means that the proprietor of the collective mark:

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performs the function of guaranteeing the correct use of the trademark by those who have applied for use.

use the trademark only if it has been authorized by a designated body.

can only use the trademark for your products if you comply with the contents of a product specification approved by a third party.

Private label guarantees greater profitability to large-scale distribution (GDO) than industry-branded products because:

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the profit margin is higher because the quality of the raw materials used is on average lower than that of industrial products.

by establishing the direct relationship between the consumer and the large-scale retail trade, the latter frees itself from dependence on industry

it is sold at higher consumer prices on average than industrial-branded products.

According to Porter, the margin is

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consisting of the consumer's willingness to pay for the good/service offered by the company

the result of the ratio between the total value created by the company for customers and the costs incurred to carry out the value-generating activities

the result of the difference between the total value created by the company for customers and the costs incurred in carrying out the value-generating activities

Building buyer-driven value chin is common in

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Capital Intensive Sectors/Industries

labour-intensive sectors/industries.

technology-intensive sectors/industries

The concepts of "innovation" and "upgrading" differ because:

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The former refers to radical changes, while the latter refers to radical changes. Incremental.

The concept of upgrading, unlike the concept of innovation, involves comparing it with the level of innovation of competitors.

The first always refers to technological aspects while the second also refers to organizational changes.

The benefits for the retailer of adopting the brand name are (indicate which answer is FALSE):

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Increased bargaining power vis-à-vis suppliers.

differentiation from competition by offering "exclusive and differentiated" goods.

exemption from food safety liability.

According to the FAO approach, the added value produced by a "sustainable value chain" is divided between:

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Wages, profits, taxes, consumer surpluses and the 'land' factor

Wages, profits, taxes, externalities and the "capital" and "labour" factors

Wages, Profits, Taxes, Consumer Surplus, Externalities

According to Crowder & Reganold (2015):

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The lower unit yields of organic farming are not compensated by the price premium compared to conventional farming

and higher unit yields of organic farming are more than offset by the price premium compared to conventional farming

The lower unit yields of organic farming are more than compensated for the price premium compared to conventional agriculture

According to Porter, the company's primary activities are:

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logistics, marketing and commercial activity

logistics, marketing and procurement business

assistance, logistics and human resources management

Certification differs from accreditation because:

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Accreditation is issued by private bodies while certification is issued by public bodies.

Certification is a necessary but not sufficient condition for a production company to obtain accreditation.

Certification is issued to companies producing goods/services while accreditation is issued to certification bodies/laboratories.

Value chains can be classified by:

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complexity and codability of transactions, and competence of suppliers

codability and accessibility of transactions, and competence of suppliers

complexity and accessibility of transactions, and competence of suppliers

According to EU Reg. 1144/2014, a necessary and sufficient condition for the presentation of "multi" projects is that:

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are three proposers, one of which is an interstate entity

the proposers belong to two different states, or the proposer is a interstate.

market to which the project is addressed is non-EU.

What is I. N.A.O.?

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is the French public body responsible for implementing the French policy on official signs of origin and quality of agri-food products

is a French private body that issues certificates of origin and quality of French agri-food products

is a private accreditation body operating in France

The "pollution haven" is:

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The so-called "free port"

An area in which rules are in place to minimise the environmental impact of production activities

The competitive advantage possessed by companies operating in countries that require less restrictive environmental standards

Outsourcing" means that a company

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chooses to produce outside the national borders, setting up its own factories abroad

assigns to external suppliers on a permanent basis the management of one or more company functions previously carried out within the company itself

permanently assigns to foreign external suppliers the management of one or more company functions previously carried out within the company itself

With reference to the integrative-integrated relationship, by "expropriation of entrepreneurship" we mean:

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the limitation of the decision-making autonomy of both the integrating and the integrated.

the transfer of the business functions of the integrating company to the integrated company.

the limitation of the decision-making autonomy of the integrated company.

With reference to factors of production, land refers to:

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agricultural land alone

agricultural land or the place where production takes place

agricultural land and, more generally, all natural resources used for production purposes

The so-called "food environment" is defined as:

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the physical, economic, political environment and socio-cultural context in which consumers interact with the food system to acquire, prepare and consume food

the set of natural resources used by the agri-food system to produce commodity

The market for agri-food products

According to scientific studies:

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Conventional agriculture uses less energy per hectare and per unit of production compared to organic farming

Organic farming uses less energy per hectare and per unit of production compared to conventional agriculture

Organic farming uses more energy per hectare and per unit of production than to conventional agriculture

The objective of the ISO 9001 standard is:

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Conventional agriculture uses less energy per hectare and per unit of production compared to organic farming

Organic farming uses more energy per hectare and per unit of production than to conventional agriculture

Organic farming uses less energy per hectare and per unit of production compared to conventional agriculture

The objective of the ISO 9001 standard is:

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Guarantee the qualitative excellence of the product/service

Provide products and services that meet the customer's requirements

Prevent the company certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 standard from the legal controls on food safety

The phenomenon of fragmentation of production activities refers to the Concept of: a. outsourcing

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offshoring

outsourcing

both offshoring and outsourcing

Considering the stages of a transaction, the costs of searching for information on the merchandise of interest and potential Suppliers are costs of:

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Negotiation.

Contact.

Control.

The "market" form of governance is characterized by:

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Low level of explicit coordination and high power asymmetry

Difficulties in coding transactions and low supplier replacement costs

Low cost of supplier substitution and easily codable transactions

L'Index of forward Vertical specialization (VS1) of a country is equal to the ratio:

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foreign value added/total value X of gross exports.

the value of a country's exports of intermediate goods constituting inputs for exports to third destinations/total value of gross exports.

value of a country's gross exports/total value of gross domestic production.

The food production company that decides to abandon the distribution channel ho.re.ca. in favour of own-brand retail Make a:

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functional upgrading.

chain upgrading.

process uprading.

With reference to voluntary certification, the scope is regulated when the reference standards:

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they are regulations - with voluntary adoption - issued by public bodies.

are defined by large-scale distribution for companies supplying products sold under the private label.

are drawn up by bodies of private (es. norme ISO).